In investments, one great debate asks the question, “Active or Passive Investing: Which Is Better?”

Whether it’s sports, music, or politics, life holds any number of “great debates”– debates that never seem to reach a conclusion. In investments, that great debate asks the question, “Active or Passive Investing: Which is Better?”

The fascinating aspect of this debate is that equally intelligent people can argue polar opposite positions, leaving the rest of us to wonder what the answer is, if one even exists.

Passive Pointers

The case for passive management is anchored in the evidence that the preponderance of money managers have failed consistently to beat their comparative index. This is true for two primary reasons:

1. Markets are efficient and all known information is already reflected in the price of the stock, making it difficult for managers to find companies that are expected to outperform.1
2. The hurdle of an elevated expense ratio typical of actively managed mutual funds makes it hard to match or exceed a low-expense index fund.

Active Arguments

Active managers counter that while the markets may be generally efficient, there are windows of inefficiency created by the time it takes for information to properly reflect in a stock’s price.

Active managers further argue that performance is not just about relative return, but also about managing risk. For instance, if an active manager can deliver a hypothetical 90 percent of the index return at 70 percent of its risk, then that constitutes a measure of outperformance.2

Unlock the Combination

Ultimately, it’s a decision based on what you want to pursue. Do you prefer the approach taken by index funds or the strategy behind active management? For some, the combination of both funds represents an approach that takes no sides but seeks to tap into the distinctive benefits each offers.

Mutual funds are sold only by prospectus. Please consider the charges, risks, expenses and investment objectives carefully before investing. A prospectus containing this and other information about the investment company can be obtained from your financial professional. Read it carefully before you invest or send money.

International investments carry additional risks, which include differences in financial reporting standards, currency exchange rates, political risk unique to a specific country, foreign taxes and regulations, and the potential for illiquid markets. These factors may result in greater share price volatility.

1. Keep in mind that the return and principal value of stock prices will fluctuate as market conditions change. And shares, when sold, may be worth more or less than their original cost.
2. This is a hypothetical example used for illustrative purposes only. It is not representative of any specific investment or combination of investments.
The content is developed from sources believed to be providing accurate information. The information in this material is not intended as tax or legal advice. It may not be used for the purpose of avoiding any federal tax penalties. Please consult legal or tax professionals for specific information regarding your individual situation. This material was developed and produced by FMG Suite to provide information on a topic that may be of interest. FMG, LLC, is not affiliated with the named broker-dealer, state- or SEC-registered investment advisory firm. The opinions expressed and material provided are for general information, and should not be considered a solicitation for the purchase or sale of any security. Copyright FMG Suite.

Understanding the economy’s cycles can help put current business conditions in better perspective.

What has upswings and downturns, troughs, peaks, and plateaus? Though such terms could easily describe a roller coaster ride, they are also commonly used to describe the business cycle.

The business cycle – also known as the economic cycle – refers to fluctuations in economic activity over several months or years. Tracking the cycle helps professionals forecast the direction of the economy. The National Bureau of Economic Research makes official declarations about the economic cycle based on specific factors, including the growth of the gross domestic product, household income, and employment rates.

Recovery & Recession

An upswing, or recovery, occurs when the economic indicators improve over time. A recession occurs when the same indicators go through a contraction. A particularly long or severe recession is referred to as a depression.

Despite being called a cycle, it’s important to understand that the business cycle is not regular or even cyclical. Its pattern resembles the movement of waves, and those waves don’t consistently undulate at set, periodic intervals. Some recoveries have lasted several years, while others are measured in months. Recessions, too, can last for a number of years or be as short as a few months.

Moving in Waves

Business Waves

Stages of Cycle

So, how should investors look at information about the business cycle?

Investors who understand that the economy moves through periods of recovery and recession may have a better perspective on the overall cycle. During recovery, understanding whether the economy is at an early or late stage of the cycle may influence certain investment decisions. Conversely, during a recession, deciphering whether the economy is passing through a shallow or deep cycle may be influential as well.

The business cycle will transition from recovery to recession – and recession to recovery – over several months. Understanding that the economy travels through cycles may help you put current business conditions in better perspective.

The content is developed from sources believed to be providing accurate information. The information in this material is not intended as tax or legal advice. It may not be used for the purpose of avoiding any federal tax penalties. Please consult legal or tax professionals for specific information regarding your individual situation. This material was developed and produced by FMG Suite to provide information on a topic that may be of interest. FMG Suite is not affiliated with the named broker-dealer, state- or SEC-registered investment advisory firm. The opinions expressed and material provided are for general information, and should not be considered a solicitation for the purchase or sale of any security. Copyright FMG Suite.

This short, informative article teaches the basics of the FIRE movement.

If the idea of retiring in your early 50s, 40s, 30s, or even late 20s appeals to you, you may be interested in joining the FIRE retirement movement. Designed for those who have the discipline and cash flow to save diligently, FIRE can be an effective path toward living a work-optional lifestyle. In this article, we will discuss what FIRE is and whether or not it may be right for you.

What is FIRE?

FIRE stands for “Financial Independence, Retire Early.” This program, inspired by Vicki Robin’s book “Your Money or Your Life,” is built on the premise of saving more money month-to-month than traditional retirement approaches and utilizing low-fee investment choices to be able to afford retirement earlier than the traditional age.1

The “financial independence” portion of FIRE is considered to be about 25 times your yearly expenses. For example, if you decided you’d need $50,000 a year to live off of in retirement, you would need to save 50,000 x 25, or $1.25 million to be considered financially independent. Once that number has been met, you’d be able to retire and enjoy a life of financial freedom, withdrawing about three or four percent from your nest egg each year.

Top Considerations Before Joining the FIRE Movement

Retiring in your 30s may sound too good to be true. In fact, the whole FIRE movement and premise of retiring early can sound like more of a daydream than reality. And for some, it may be just that. But for others who are able or willing to embrace the lifestyle, financial independence early in life can be possible. Here are a few important considerations to make before deciding if the FIRE program may be right for you.

Consideration #1: You’ll Need to Spend Wisely

The big factors of the FIRE program are income, expenses, and time. The idea being, the bigger the gap between income and expenses, the less time it will take you to reach financial independence. And while it may sound extreme, depending on your timeline and desired income level in retirement, you could be looking to save more than half of your income to put toward early retirement. This is something that would need to be calculated individually, as it is based on your income level and current expenses.

However, living a frugal lifestyle now is almost always a universal requirement of the FIRE program and other early retirement seekers.

Consideration #2: FIRE Followers Don’t Embrace Traditional Retirement

For those looking to retire early using the FIRE method, “retirement” doesn’t mean sitting around and doing nothing. FIRE followers are typically more focused on the first part of the acronym, “financial independence,” than they are on retiring early. That means that they’re likely to still work in retirement or pursue a passion project they were previously unable to due to the confines of a full-time job.

Consideration #3: You’ll Want a “Why”

Like many financial goals, it can be hard to find the motivation to skip dinners out or splurging on a new outfit. When you have a nondescript idea of retiring early, there’s little motivation to skip out on some enjoyment today for the possibility of an early retirement a decade down the line. Instead, those who have embraced the FIRE method often put a “why” to their savings programs, and it’s important to get as specific as possible. Define your “why” and let it guide you in making positive progress toward your financial independence.

The FIRE program is an appealing method of reaching retirement early on in life and allows for its followers to find the flexibility in doing what they love. It does, however, take self-discipline and the ability to spend less today in order to save for tomorrow. If you’re considering the FIRE method, it may be wise to work with a financial professional who can help you understand your current spending habits and what you’ll need in order to find financial independence for an early retirement.

1. Vickirobin.com, 2023
The content is developed from sources believed to be providing accurate information. The information in this material is not intended as tax or legal advice. It may not be used for the purpose of avoiding any federal tax penalties. Please consult legal or tax professionals for specific information regarding your individual situation. This material was developed and produced by FMG Suite to provide information on a topic that may be of interest. FMG Suite is not affiliated with the named broker-dealer, state- or SEC-registered investment advisory firm. The opinions expressed and material provided are for general information, and should not be considered a solicitation for the purchase or sale of any security. Copyright FMG Suite.

Learn the advantages of a Net Unrealized Appreciation strategy with this helpful article.

Employer-issued stocks can be one attractive benefit an employer can offer. But while it has its benefits, it’s natural to wonder what happens if you leave that job.

That’s where net unrealized appreciation (NUA) strategies can sometimes be helpful. An understanding of NUA strategies can help you determine what to do with those company stocks to potentially manage your tax bill.

Remember, this article is for informational purposes only and is not a replacement for real-life advice. Make sure to consult your tax professional before modifying your approach with any unrealized appreciation issues.

Once your tax professional has provided guidance, your financial professional can offer insights regarding your overall asset allocation if you decide to realize any gains. Asset allocation is an approach to help manage investment risk. Asset allocation does not guarantee against investment loss.

What is Net Unrealized Appreciation (NUA)?

NUA is the difference between how much you paid or contributed to your company stock and its current market value. For example, if you were issued employer stock at $20 per share and it is now worth $50 per share, you would have an NUA of $30 per share ($50 – $20 = $30).

What are the NUA Rules?

Your NUA may be taxed differently than other payments. If the lump-sum distribution includes employer securities, the NUA may not be subject to tax until you sell the securities.1

With this in mind, a participant may be able to transfer company stock from their previous plan into a taxable investment account without treating the entire amount as ordinary income. But before exploring any choice in detail, seek the guidance of a tax professional while keeping your financial professional apprised of your decisions.

1.IRS.gov, January 23, 2023
The content is developed from sources believed to be providing accurate information. The information in this material is not intended as tax or legal advice. It may not be used for the purpose of avoiding any federal tax penalties. Please consult legal or tax professionals for specific information regarding your individual situation. This material was developed and produced by FMG Suite to provide information on a topic that may be of interest. FMG Suite is not affiliated with the named broker-dealer, state- or SEC-registered investment advisory firm. The opinions expressed and material provided are for general information, and should not be considered a solicitation for the purchase or sale of any security. Copyright FMG Suite.

Understanding the value of a home warranty.

As a consumer, when you purchase an expensive item, like a car or refrigerator, you expect to receive a warranty that the manufacturer will repair or replace that product if it breaks down.

A warranty makes sense for big-ticket purchases, but what about for a home?

An Overview of Home Warranties

A home warranty typically covers the repairs on specific items in a home, such as heating and air conditioning systems, plumbing, and built-in appliances.1

A home warranty on a newly built home may be offered by the homebuilder and may cover up to 10 years on structural defects; one year on items like walls and paint; and two years for HVAC, plumbing, and electrical systems. Appliances may only be covered for six months. Typically, the cost of this policy is contained in the price of the home.

A home warranty on an existing home can also be purchased, usually paid for by the seller or real estate agent to facilitate the sale of a house. These policies tend to have coverage lasting no longer than one year.

Occasionally, a home buyer may choose to purchase a policy, for instance, in the case of buying a foreclosure.

Be Realistic

You should understand the limits to which a home warranty can protect you. A home warranty promises you that certain items will remain functional; it does not promise you a new appliance or furnace.

Though it may be comforting to know repairs are covered, a warranty may restrict the contractors you can use to do the repair work.

A home warranty may be most beneficial to someone who will be purchasing an older home.

If you elect to buy a home warranty, make sure you work with a reputable company that has a long-standing record in your local area. And as always, be sure to comparison shop.

1. Several factors will affect the cost of a home warranty policy, including the size, location, and contents in the home. Any guarantees associated with a home warranty policy are dependent on the ability of the issuing company to continue making claim payments.
The content is developed from sources believed to be providing accurate information. The information in this material is not intended as tax or legal advice. It may not be used for the purpose of avoiding any federal tax penalties. Please consult legal or tax professionals for specific information regarding your individual situation. This material was developed and produced by FMG Suite to provide information on a topic that may be of interest. FMG Suite is not affiliated with the named broker-dealer, state- or SEC-registered investment advisory firm. The opinions expressed and material provided are for general information, and should not be considered a solicitation for the purchase or sale of any security. Copyright FMG Suite.

An article explaining 530A Accounts.

In 2026, families across the United States will gain access to a new financial tool designed to enhance their children’s financial futures: the 530A account, commonly known as “Trump Accounts.” This account is specifically crafted for newborns, but it also has another, lesser-known feature. The federal government plans a $1,000 contribution to each account for children born between January 1, 2025, and December 31, 2028, through a pilot program.1,2

What is a 530A Account and Who Can Open One?

The 530A account was introduced under the One Big Beautiful Bill Act. Accounts are available for all American children under age 18, which has been largely overlooked. The attention has been on the $1,000 federal seed money that’s for babies born between Jan. 1, 2025, and Dec. 31, 2028.1,2

To establish the account, the minor must possess a Social Security number and be under 18 years old as of December 31 of the year the account is opened. Each child is permitted only one account.

Opening a 530A Account

Parents, legal guardians, adult siblings, or grandparents can open a 530A account for eligible children by submitting Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Form 4547. The form serves as the election to create the account.1,2

Availability and Contribution Guidelines

530A accounts will become available in 2026, with contributions commencing after July 4, 2026. Contribution limits are $5,000 per child per year. This limit includes contributions from parents, families, and up to $2,500 from employees and other organizations.1,2

How much could your child’s account be worth before they graduate high school?

Adjust the inputs below to see how contributions, interest, and the $1,000 federal seed impact long-term growth.

Annual contribution
$/ yr
$0$5,000 max
Assumed annual return
%
1%8% max
Include $1,000 federal seed money
Value at year 18
$166,654
Total contributed
$91,000
Growth from interest
$75,654

At these settings, interest alone adds $75,654 — money your family never had to save.

Hypothetical example. Actual results will vary.

This is a hypothetical example used for illustrative purposes only. It is not representative of any specific investment or combination of investments. Actual results will vary. Contributions are subject to annual limits and eligibility requirements. Past performance is not a guarantee of future results.

Investment and Withdrawal Regulations

Investments must adhere to the criteria set by the U.S. Treasury Department. The account will be subject to the same required minimum distribution (RMDs) rules as a traditional IRA, which means once you reach age 73, you must begin taking distributions in most circumstances. Withdrawals are taxed as ordinary income and, if taken before age 59½, may be subject to a 10% federal income tax penalty.1,2

Integration into Family Financial Strategy

530A accounts provide practical experience in saving and investing. Contributions from external sources, such as employers, governments, and charitable organizations, may make the accounts even more attractive.1,2

Can it be converted to a Roth IRA?

Yes. The initial guidance indicates a Roth IRA starting in the year the individual turns age 18. Once the Roth IRA is open, the new account could have decades of tax-free growth from the money that was originally placed in the account.

Remember, the original Roth IRA owner is not required to take minimum annual withdrawals. Plus, Roth distributions must meet a five-year holding period and occur after age 59½ to qualify for the tax-free and penalty-free withdrawal of earnings. In certain other circumstances, tax-free and penalty-free withdrawal can also be taken, such as following the owner’s death.

“Trump accounts” may not be right for everyone, but they may be worth exploring. Let’s discuss what role a 530A account can play in your future.

1. IRS.gov, December 4, 2025
2. House.gov, March 31, 2026
The content is developed from sources believed to be providing accurate information. The information in this material is not intended as tax or legal advice. It may not be used for the purpose of avoiding any federal tax penalties. Please consult legal or tax professionals for specific information regarding your individual situation. This material was developed and produced by FMG Suite to provide information on a topic that may be of interest. FMG Suite is not affiliated with the named broker-dealer, state- or SEC-registered investment advisory firm. The opinions expressed and material provided are for general information, and should not be considered a solicitation for the purchase or sale of any security. Copyright FMG Suite.
css.php